Practical Alternatives to Methyl Bromide for Use as Quarantine and Pre- Shipment Treatments in North America
نویسندگان
چکیده
We present recent advances in quarantine and pre-shipment alternatives: phosphine and methyl bromide recapture for empty ship holds; radio frequency heating in walnuts; low oxygen followed by low oxygen, cold or virus treatment to disinfest dried fruits and nuts; controlled atmosphere temperature treatment system (CATTS) for fresh fruit.
منابع مشابه
Review Articles on Alternatives to Fumigant Pesticides
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) Reviews United Nations Environment Programme. 2006. Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee. 2006 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee, 2006 Assessment. Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Abstract: The MBTOC addresses the technical feasibility of chemical and non-chemical alternatives for the current use...
متن کاملUnited States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on alternatives to methyl bromide: pre-plant and post-harvest.
Methyl bromide is a widely used fumigant for both pre-plant and post-harvest pest and pathogen control. The Montreal Protocol and the US Clean Air Act mandate a phase-out of the import and manufacture of methyl bromide, beginning in 2001 and culminating with a complete ban, except for quarantine and certain pre-shipment uses and exempted critical uses, in January 2005. In 1995, ARS built on its...
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Plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is a quarantine pest of many temperate fruits, such as pomes, Malus spp.; stone fruits, Prunus spp.; and blueberries, Vaccinium spp.; in North America east of the Rocky Mountains and a small area in Utah. There are two strains, a northern univoltine one that undergoes obligate diapause as an adult and a southern multivoltine strain that usually ha...
متن کاملAlternatives to methyl bromide treatments for stored-product and quarantine insects.
Methyl bromide is used to control insects as a space fumigant in flour and feed mills and ship holds, as a product fumigant for some fruit and cereals, and for general quarantine purposes. Methyl bromide acts rapidly, controlling insects in less than 48 h in space fumigations, and it has a wide spectrum of activity, controlling not only insects but also nematodes and plant-pathogenic microbes. ...
متن کاملUse of Non-chemical Methyl Bromide Alternatives in the Usa
Cold treatments are predominantly used to inhibit decay of stored commodities and to extend their shelf life. Recently, cold treatments have been used successfully to control insect pests, mainly in tropical commodities, providing chilling injury can be avoided. This paper summarises the main uses of cold storage as a quarantine treatment.
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